Orthopaedics

This educational contribution contains folloving topics: Arthroscopy, Surgical and orthotic possibilities of bone tumour pain management, LBP - Low Back Pain, Surgeries in low back pain management, Spinal cord compression in spine tumours and injuries, Osteporosis, Treatment of spinal deformities and Spine traumatology.

In the Arthroscopy there are described principles of diagnostic arthroscopies, indications and possibilities: shoulder, wrist, hip, knee, ankle, described are arthroscopic surgeries – anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, shoulder stabilization.

In Surgical and orthotic possibilities of bone tumour pain management there are described management of extremities involvement – diagnostics and treatment, Mirels score, management of pathological fractures – nail fixation, plate osteosynthesis with bone cement, tumour endoprostheses.
In spine involvement diagnostics (X-ray, CT, MRI, bone scan) and surgeries (anterior, posterior and combined), orthotic care.

In LBP - Low Back Pain there are described pathogenesis, diagnostics in pathologic conditions of lumbar spine (congenital anomalies, injuries, inflammations, spondylolisthesis, degenerative conditions, tumours). Overview of diagnostics and conservative treatment.

In Surgeries in low back pain management there are described indications and possibilities of surgical treatment of spine deformities, spondylolysis, spondylolistesis, spine inflammations, tumours, degenerative conditions, instabilities, lumbar spinal stenosis. Overview of anterior, posterior and combined surgeries in above mentioned diagnoses.

In Spinal cord compression in spine tumours and injuries there are described diagnostics – X-ray, CT, MRI of spine tumours and severe injuries. Surgery timing depends on dynamic of neural deficit development. There are the indications of anterior, posterior and combined surgeries. In severe neural deficit the immediate surgery is necessary.

In the Osteporosis there are described causes, diagnostics and treatment of osteoporosis and related fractures of extremities and spine, including regime management.

In Treatment of spinal deformities there are described diagnostics and classification of spinal deformities in frontal plane – scolioses, focusing on frequent types (idiopathic, congenital, neuromuscular) and sagittal plane – mainly kyphoses. Described are conservative (orthoses) and surgical (anterior, posterior and combined surgeries) management ant its indications, including complications. 

In Spine traumatology there are described diagnostics and classification of spine injuries (cervical, thoracic and lumbar), conservative and surgical (anterior, posterior and combined surgeries) management including the indications.

author: Richard Chaloupka, Martin Repko, Luděk Ryba, Marek Rouchal, Ivan Müller, Martin Krbec, Petr Vališ, Vladimír Tichý, Radim Grosman, Miroslav Nýdrle, Milan Filipovič, Jaroslav Motyčka | organization: Department of Orthopedic Surgery | published on: 15.4.2009 | last modified on: 2.8.2016
citation: Chaloupka Richard, Martin Repko, Luděk Ryba, Marek Rouchal, Ivan Müller, Martin Krbec, Petr Vališ, Vladimír Tichý, Radim Grosman, Miroslav Nýdrle, Milan Filipovič, Jaroslav Motyčka: Orthopaedics. Multimedia support in the education of clinical and health care disciplines :: Portal of MU’s Faculty of Medicine [online] 2009-04-15, last modif. 2016-08-02 [cit. 2018-09-24] Available from WWW: <http://portal.med.muni.cz/article-493-orthopaedics.html>. ISSN 1801-6103.