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This educational article titled “Neural development and embryonic stem cell-based developmental modelling“ describes how to investigate the roles of genes in human neural development using stem cell technologies and molecular biology techniques. This educational article is primarily focused on experimental practices. Thus this article is intended for postgraduate students (e.g. Master student, Diploma, and PhD students). However, the article is also suitable for undergraduate students, who are interested in stem cell biology and molecular biology. In the text, students will learn how to perform basic molecular biology techniques (e.g. gene cloning, making fusion protein, PCR and sequencing), and how to grow and to manipulate human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Moreover, students will learn how to drive hESCs toward to neural fates.

The texts are primarily intended as a theoretical basis for practical exercises in physiology. They do not replace a classical textbook of physiology and mastering the knowledge summarized in them is not sufficient to pass the final exam. However, they can also serve as a first reading before attending a lecture on the topic. They will help in orienting you to the subject, summarizing the basic knowledge, including key words and terms you need to know on the topic. These texts are based on many years of experience of the teachers of the Institute of Physiology of the Faculty of Medicine of Masaryk University with what most often causes problems for students in practical exercises (and possibly in the practical exam).