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This educational material is intended for students of Dentistry who signed for the subject Research Activities in Dentistry. In this lab seminar, students will acquire practical experience with molecular-biological analyses that are routinely used in the field of Dentistry, both for research purposes and for diagnosis of diseases (not only) of the oral cavity. Students will be tasked with the detection of two single nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), an enzyme playing an important role in the folic acid metabolism. Within the scope of this seminar, students will also learn to predict the phenotype (i.e., to predict the ability to metabolize the folic acid) based on the analyzed MTHFR haplogenotype.

The texts are primarily intended as a theoretical basis for practical exercises in physiology. They do not replace a classical textbook of physiology and mastering the knowledge summarized in them is not sufficient to pass the final exam. However, they can also serve as a first reading before attending a lecture on the topic. They will help in orienting you to the subject, summarizing the basic knowledge, including key words and terms you need to know on the topic. These texts are based on many years of experience of the teachers of the Institute of Physiology of the Faculty of Medicine of Masaryk University with what most often causes problems for students in practical exercises (and possibly in the practical exam).